1. Topic-
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| This lesson teaches students in first and second grade new oral
vocabulary, increased word recognition, and correct spelling of words.
Students engage in games and fun activities-all with true learning
objectives-to gain an awareness and knowledge of new words. They also
develop writing skills. Each session is designed to enhance comprehension
of the words so students may increase their vocabulary. This lesson
uses Franklin in the Dark by Paulette Bourgeois as an example text,
but similar books can also be used. |
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2. Goals: Aims/Outcomes-
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| Maintaining a balance of theory, research, and effective classroom
practice. Early reading instruction, phonemic awareness, comprehension
and vocabulary spelling and meaning. |
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3. Objectives-
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Students will...
Increase their knowledge of vocabulary by defining words from a read-aloud
text
Gain familiarity with the vocabulary words by playing a matching game
Demonstrate fluency and word recognition by performing a script that
uses the vocabulary words they have been studying
Test their facility with the vocabulary words using the Word Wizard
tool to unscramble and identify the words and a game that asks them
to match words and definitions
Demonstrate their knowledge and ownership of vocabulary words by placing
them into sentences to show meaning |
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4. Materials and Aids-
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Franklin in the Dark by Paulette Bourgeois, illustrated by Brenda
Clark (Scholastic, 1986)
Franklin in the Dark DVD (JWL Sales, 2006) (optional)
Cardstock
Computers with Internet access
Highlighters
Index cards
Poker chips or checkers
Stuffed turtle or picture of a turtle
Television/DVD player (optional)
Writing supplies |
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5. Procedures/Methods-
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A. Introduction-
1. Obtain and familiarize yourself with the book Franklin in the
Dark by Paulette Bourgeois.
2. Choose five to ten vocabulary words from the book. Possible words
for Franklin in the Dark include problem, turtle, water, afraid, and
dark.
Gather two blank index cards per word for each student to use during
Session 1 (see Step 4), and also write each word on an index card
for students to use during Session 5 (see Step 2).
3. If you choose to show the video during Session 2, get a copy of
the Franklin in the Dark DVD from the library. Arrange to use a television
and DVD player and make sure you know how to turn on the captioning
feature.
4. Review the Script for Franklin in the Dark and decide if you would
like to use it with your students. Make one copy of the script for
each student in your class.
5. Review the Franklin in the Dark Word Match cards, which are used
in Session 4. Copy the cards onto cardstock, making enough of each
one so that every student will have a card. Write a definition of
each word and gather poker chips or checkers for students to use as
markers when playing the game. |
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B. Development-
Session 1: Introduce Book and Vocabulary Words (45"�60 minutes)
1. Before introducing the book Franklin in the Dark by Paulette Bourgeois,
show students a stuffed turtle or a picture of a turtle and ask them
what you are holding. Once students respond, ask them what they know
about turtles to build background knowledge. If students do not mention
it, make sure to explain that turtles live in their shells. Ask them
if they have ever heard of the Franklin books or the television show.
2. Introduce students to the vocabulary words that you have chosen
from the book (see Preparation, Step 3). Write them on the board and
have students come up with simple definitions or use the words in
sentences. Depending on the needs of your students, you may choose
to provide a sample definition or sentence to help them get started.
3. Tell students to listen for the vocabulary words as you read Franklin
in the Dark aloud. Tell them to raise their hands when they hear a
vocabulary word. As you read, pause and ask questions about the vocabulary
you selected (e.g., "What does the word problem mean?").
4. After you read the book, review the vocabulary words you have written
on the board by having students read them aloud. Tell students they
will play a memory game using these words. Give each student a set
of index cards and tell them to write each word twice, once on two
different cards.
5. Now have students mix up their cards. They should lay them out
on their desks or tables in two rows of five with the words facing
down. Then they should turn over the cards, two at a time, to try
and find the words that match. If they don't get a match, they should
turn the cards back over; if they do get a match, they should pick
up the pair of cards. The game is over when all of the cards have
been taken. Students can also play in pairs, taking turns to try and
find a match; the person with the most cards at the end of the game
wins. Note: Make sure students say the vocabulary words as they pick
up the cards. You may want to have more advanced students use each
word in a sentence when they pick it up. |
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C. Practice-
Session 2: Watch Video and Practice Script (30"�45 minutes)
1. Show the Franklin in the Dark DVD with the captioning turned on
and the sound turned off. Students should read the captions chorally
while they watch the video. If there is time, repeated viewing and
reading is a valuable way to extend fluency and word recognition.
Alternatively, you may read the book aloud and have students chorally
read the lines that repeat.
2. Ask students if they have ever been to a play. Explain to students
that actors and actresses rehearse their lines using a script. Tell
students that they are going to become actors and actresses using
a script to perform a short play based on Franklin in the Dark. Briefly
discuss the narrator's role and who the characters are. Tell students
that they will recognize many of the vocabulary words in the script.
3. Have students get into small heterogeneous groups (making sure
that one student in each group can read proficiently). Distribute
the Script for Franklin in the Dark (or the script you have prepared)
and review it with students. Explain that they will practice reading
the script and will then perform for the rest of the class during
a later session. Assign parts or let students select them.
4. Once parts have been assigned or selected, give each student a
highlighter. During the first read-aloud of the script, students should
mark their parts.
5. Students should spend the rest of the session reading the script
in their groups. If you choose, you may allow students to make changes
to the script. |
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D. Independent Practice-
Session 3: Readers Theater (30"�45 minutes)
1. Have students read through the script a few times in their groups.
Monitor them to make sure they are on task and saying the words correctly.
2. When students have had enough time to work on their scripts, groups
perform for the class to watch. They should read from the scripts. |
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E. Accommodations (Differentiated Instruction)-
Session 4: Play Word Wizard and Word Match (30"�45 minutes)
If you do not have classroom computers with Internet access, this
session should take place in your school's computer lab. You may need
to turn the sound down or off on the computers students will be using.
If there are a limited number of computers, have some students play
the memory game from Session 1 while they wait their turn.
1. Depending on how familiar students are with the book you are using
(and how much time has passed since the previous session) you may
choose to reread it at the beginning of this session. Have the vocabulary
words from Session 1 on the board. Call on a few students to read
the words and use them in sentences.
2. Use a projector or have students gather around one computer to
model how to use the online Word Wizard. Explain to students that
they will unscramble vocabulary words from Franklin in the Dark. Show
students as many words as you think are necessary to help them understand
how to play.
3. Students should complete all exercises and raise their hands when
they are finished. You can then print out the words and send them
home for review.
4. When all students have finished with the Word Wizard, distribute
a Franklin in the Dark Word Match card and poker chips or checkers
to each of them. Read definitions of the vocabulary words and have
students find the words that match on their game cards. The first
student to get four correct words in a row wins the game. |
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F. Checking for understanding-
Session 5: Assessment (30"�45 minutes)
1. Have the vocabulary words from Session 1 listed on the board. Give
students paper and tell them they should write each word in a sentence
that shows they know what it means. You might provide them with examples
of two sentences, one that shows meaning more fully than the other,
for example "I have a problem" versus "It is a problem to be afraid
of school."
2. After the assessment, break the class into two teams. Give each
team an index card with a vocabulary word on it. Have one person from
each team act out a word while the other team tries to guess the word.
Play until each student has had a turn. |
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G. Closure-
EXTENSIONS
Have students use vocabulary words in a creative way such as writing
a poem or story or making a book.
Invite students to write their own scripts using the vocabulary words. |
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7. Evaluation-
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STUDENT ASSESSMENT/REFLECTIONS
Take notes during the lesson to see if students are using the vocabulary
words correctly. In particular, observe the use and pronunciation
of the words during the performances in Session 3.
You might provide students who struggle with this additional practice
until they become proficient.
Collect and review sentences from Session 5. You may choose to grade
the spelling, as well as the meaning of the vocabulary words. |
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