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1. Topic-
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| Understanding How a Cell Works |
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2. Content-
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*living things are composed of cells.
*cells come from pre-existing cells
*small units |
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3. Goals: Aims/Outcomes-
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| understand how a cell works. |
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4. Objectives-
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1.Explain and apply cell theory.
2.Describe the appearance and function of the major components of
a cell, including: cell membrane, cytoplasm, and the following membrane-bound
organelles: nucleus, rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria,
chloroplast, and vacuole.
3.Describe the appearance and function of some subcellular structures,
including ribosomes.
4. Describe how respiration supports protein synthesis which includes
copying of DNA into RNA (transcription) and translation of RNA into
protein (see Figure 1).
5.
Understand the roles of some important enzymes and macromolecules
in protein synthesis, including RNA polymerase, transfer RNA, messenger
RNA, and ribosomes.
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5. Materials and Aids-
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cookies (about 5 for every group of 3 to 4 students)
Hershey kisses (10 kisses per group)
toothpicks (5 per group)
colored pipe cleaners (10 per group: 4 green, 3 white, 1 red, 2 yellow)
small gumdrops (10 per group, 4 green, 3 white, 1 red, 2 yellow)
pencils
scissors (1 pair per group) |
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6. Procedures/Methods-
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A. Introduction-
1.Are cells alive? Why do you think this?
2.Where are cells located in your body?
3.Where do the cells in your body get energy?
4.How do your cells know what to do? What directs their functioning? |
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B. Development-
1. What are the four classes of large organic molecules found in
living things?
2. Name three inorganic molecules that commonly occur in living things.
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C. Practice-
3.
Refer to a textbook to draw a simple diagram of an animal cell in
the template provided in Drawing 1. Draw to scale and label the following
structures:
nucleus mitochondrion
cell membrane ribosome
rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER)
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D. Independent Practice-
4.
Also, refer to a textbook to draw a simple diagram of a plant cell
in Drawing 2. Draw to scale and label the following structures:
cell membrane cell wall
chloroplast cytoplasm
mitochondrion nucleus
ribosome vacuole
rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER)
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E. Accommodations (Differentiated Instruction)-
| 5. Note that drawings can be misleading. For example, a drawing
typically shows one or a few mitochondria in a cell, but cells actually
contain many mitochondria, sometimes 10,000 or more. Also, drawings
are two-dimensional whereas cells are three-dimensional |
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F. Checking for understanding-
6.In your drawings, briefly note of the functions of each organelle.
Question 7.
How are plant cells different from animal cells? In what ways are
they similar?
8.
Does cellular respiration occur in plant cells? Explain.
Question 9. What are the membranes in cells made of?
10.
Figure 3 shows a portion of a cell membrane. Label the parts of the
molecules shown. |
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G. Closure-
| Recap on all the parts of a cell to get a full understanding of
how a cell works. |
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7. Evaluation-
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| Have the students redraw a diagram of the cells and have them label
it for practice. |
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